AEAS专区-数学逻辑
【AEAS数学类词汇精华帖】谁也不能阻止我称霸AEAS的数学!
Mathematical symbols
plus 加号;正号
minus [‘maɪnəs]; negative [‘negətɪv]
减号;负号
“-3”读作:minus three或negative three
“2-(-3)”读作:two minus negative three
plus-minus sign 正负号
multiplied [’mʌltɪ’plaɪd] by ; times
乘号
divided by 除号
equals; is equal to 等于号
或 One plus one is equal to two.
is not equal to 不等于号
congruent [‘kɒŋgrʊənt] to
全等(两个图形形状相同、大小相等)
approximately equal to 约等于号
is less than 小于号
is greater than 大于号
is not less than 不小于号
is not greater than 不大于号
is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
is greater than or equal to 大于或等于号
per cent 百分之……
per mill [mil]; per thousand千分之……
infinity [ɪn’fɪnɪtɪ] 无限大号
varies as 与…成比例
square root 平方根
cube root 立方根
since; because 因为
hence; therefore 所以
angle 角
“∠A +∠B+∠C=180°”
读作:The measure of angle A plus angle B plus angle C equals 180 degrees.
semicircle [‘semɪsɜːkl] 半圆
circle 圆
circumference [sə’kʌmf(ə)r(ə)ns] 圆周
pi constant 圆周率
triangle 三角形
What is the area of triangle ABC? 求三角形ABC的面积。
perpendicular to [,pɜːp(ə)n’dɪkjʊlə] 垂直于
parallel [‘pærəlel] to 平行于
union of 并,合集
intersection [ɪntə’sekʃ(ə)n] of 交,通集
the integral [ˈɪntɪɡrəl] of ……的积分
summation of 总和
方程式、等式
Y varies as x.
K is “the constant of variation.
y与x成正比(y是x的正比函数),k是常数。
“y = k/x”读作:
Y varies inversely as x.
y与x成反比例(y是x的反比例函数)。
1常见符号
+ | plus ;positive |
- | minus ;negative |
× | multiplied by ;times |
÷ | divided by |
= | equals |
≈ | approximately equals |
≠ | not equal to |
< | less than |
> | greater than |
≤ | equal to or less than |
≥ | equal to or greater than o |
( ) | round brackets ;parentheses |
[ ] | square brackets |
{ } | braces |
∈ | is a member of the set |
⊂ | is a subset of |
∽ | similar to |
≌ | congruent to |
* | denotes an operation |
∴ | therefore |
∵ | because |
∶ | ratio sign, divided by, is to |
∷ | equals, as(proportion) |
√ | square root of |
3√ | cube root of |
∥ | parallel to |
⊥ | perpendicular to, at right angles with |
∠ | angle |
∟ | right angle |
º | degree |
′ | minute |
″ | second |
⊙ | circle |
A⁀B | arc AB |
e | the base of natural logarithms,approx.2.71828 |
x! | factorial x, x(x-1)(x-2)—1 |
lognx | log x to the base n |
π | pi |
lnx | log x to the base e(natural logarithm) |
lgx | log x to the base 10(common logarithm) |
|x| | the absolute value of x |
2常见几何计算公式
平面图形的周长和面积:
Perimeter | Area | |
Triangle | 三边之和 | (底×高)/2 |
Square | 边长×4 | 边长的平方 |
Rectangle | (长+宽)×2 | 长×宽 |
Parallelogram | (长+宽)×2 | 底×高 |
Trapezoid | 四边之和 | (上底+下底)×高/2 |
Rhombus | 边长×4 | 两条对角线之积的1/2 |
Circle | 2πr=πd | πr2 |
立体图形的表面积和体积
Volume | Surface Area | |
Rectangular Prism | 长×宽×高 | 2(长×宽+长×高+宽×高) |
Cube | 棱长的立方 | 6×棱长×棱长 |
Right Circular Cylinder | πr2h | 2πr h(侧)+ 2πr2(底) |
*Sphere | 4πr3/3 | 4πr2 |
Right Circular Cone | πr2h/3 | lr/2 (l为母线) |